• Origins:It developed as a subspecialty due to the anatomical, physiological, and pathological differences between children and adults.
   

• Evolution with Technology:It has advanced in parallel with improvements in imaging techniques and understanding of child development.
   

Principles and Technologies
 

• Adapted Imaging Techniques:
  Use of specific equipment and protocols for children, adjusting the radiation dose and the size of the equipment.
   

• Common Modalities:
  includeconventional radiography, ultrasound, Computed Tomography,Magnetic resonance and, in some cases, nuclear medicine.
   

Special Considerations in Pediatrics
 

• Radiation Dose:Children are more sensitive to radiation, so minimizing exposure is prioritized.
   

• Development and growth:The images should be interpreted considering the stages of bone development and growth.
   

• Cooperation and Patient Management:Special techniques to calm children and obtain high-quality images.
   

Common Pathologies and Conditions
 

• Congenital Anomalies:
  Such as heart, urinary system or digestive tract malformations.
   

• Trauma:
  Evaluation of bone and soft tissue injuries after accidents.
   

• Infectious and Oncological Diseases:
  Diagnosis and monitoring of infections and tumors.
   

Recent Advances and Future Trends
 

• Imaging Techniques without Radiation:
  As theultrasoundand theMagnetic resonance, to reduce radiation exposure.
   

• Development of Specific Protocols:
  Parameter adjustment to optimize image quality and security.
   

• Integration of Artificial Intelligence:
  To improve accuracy in the interpretation of pediatric images.
   

Challenges and Ethical Considerations
 

• Informed Consent and Communication:
  Involve the parents and, where appropriate, the child in the decision-making process.
   

• Continuous Training and Specialization:
  Required to keep up to date with technological advances and best practices in pediatric care.
   

Impact on Children's Health
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Pediatric radiology plays a crucial role in the early detection, accurate diagnosis and effective management of a wide range of medical conditions in the pediatric population, ensuring timely interventions and reducing the long-term impact of various diseases.