2.PrinBasic Principles of Magnetic Resonance

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MRI uses strong magnetic fields and radio waves to generate detailed images of the body's organs and tissues. Unlike x-rays and computed tomography (CT), it does not use ionizing radiation. Instead, it relies on the magnetic properties of hydrogen atoms, which are abundant in the human body.

When the body is placed in a strong magnetic field, such as that of an MRI scanner, hydrogen nuclei (protons) align with the direction of the field. Radio waves are then emitted into the body, disrupting this alignment. When the radio waves are turned off, the protons return to their original state of alignment, emitting signals that are detected by the scanner. These signals are processed to create detailed images of the inside of the body.

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Differences between 1.5 Tesla Magnetic Resonance and Other Magnetic Field Intensities

• MR scanners are commonly classified by the strength of their magnetic field, measured in Teslas (T). The most advanced clinical MRI systems have powers of 1.5 T, although there are devices with lower intensities (such as 0.5 T) and higher intensities (such as 3 T or even 7 T under investigation).
   

• 1.5 Tesla MRI is widely used due to its balance between image quality, scanning time, and safety considerations. Higher Tesla machines, such as 3 T, provide more detailed images and are especially useful in neurology and studies of small body structures.
   

• However, 1.5 T systems remain preferred in many clinical cases due to their lower susceptibility to artifacts and greater comfort for patients with metal implants. UniRad Radiology Unit | Altabrisa, Mérida, Yucatán.
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Patient Protection Measures
 

• Appropriate Image Mode Selection:Prefer non-ionizing methods, such as MRI and ultrasound, when possible.

• Low Dose Protocols in CT and Radiography:Optimization of parameters to reduce radiation dose.

• Information and Consent:Explain the risks and benefits of procedures to patients or their guardians.
   

Training and Education in Radioprotection
 

• Staff training:Continuing education in radioprotection best practices.

• Radiation Risk Awareness:Important for both health professionals and patients.
   

Regulationsand International Standards
 

• Regulatory Agencies:As the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) and the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) establish guidelines and standards.

• Regulatory Compliance:Essential to ensure safety and protection in all radiological practices.
   

Challenges and Future Perspectives
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• Balance between Diagnostics and Security:Ensure that the need for accurate diagnosis does not compromise safety.

• Technological Innovations:Development of equipment and techniques that further reduce radiation exposure.
   

Impact on Clinical Practice
 

Radioprotection and safety are critical aspects in the practice of radiology, ensuring that the benefits of imaging techniques outweigh the risks associated with radiation exposure.