• Origins:It emerged in the 1960s with the development of angiography.

• Evolution:It has evolved significantly with the advancement of imaging technologies and catheter and guide materials.
   

Technical Principles and Technologies

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• Guide by Image:It uses techniques such as x-ray, CT scan, ultrasound and MRI to guide procedures.

• Equipment and Tools:It includes catheters, needles, stents and other minimally invasive devices.
   

Procedures and Techniques

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• Angiography and Angioplasty:Diagnosis and treatment of vascular diseases.

• Embolization:Blocks blood flow to a specific area, useful in the treatment of hemorrhages and tumors.

• Image Guided Biopsies:Allows tissue samples to be taken from hard-to-reach areas.

• Drains and Stent Placement:To manage obstructions in bile, urinary tracts or blood vessels.
   

Clinical Applications
 

• Tumor Treatment:Including radiofrequency ablation or chemoembolization.

• Management of Hemorrhages:Particularly in cases of trauma or internal bleeding.

• Treatment of Vascular Diseases:Such as aneurysms, arteriovenous malformations and arterial stenosis.
   

Advantages and benefits
 

• Minimization of Surgical Risk:Lower risk than open surgeries.

• Faster Recovery:Less hospitalization time and faster recovery than with traditional procedures.

• Reduction of Pain and Complications:Being minimally invasive, there is less pain and risk of infections.
   

Challenges and Future Considerations
 

• Specialized Training:Requires advanced skills in radiology and patient management.

• Technological advances:It continues to evolve with the development of new tools and techniques.

• Integration with Other Specialties:Teamwork with surgeons, oncologists and other specialists.