• Origins: Radiology began with the discovery ofX-raysin 1895 by Wilhelm Röntgen.

• Development:Since then, it has evolved significantly with the introduction of new technologies and methods, such ascomputed tomography (CT)in the 1970s and themagnetic resonance in the 1980s.

Imaging Modalities in Radiology

• X-raysTraditional:Mainly used for bone imaging and fracture diagnosis.

• TComputed tomography (CT):Provides detailed cross-sectional images of the body.

• Magnetic Resonance (MRI): It uses magnetic fields and radio waves to obtain detailed images of organs and tissues.

• Ultrasound: It uses sound waves to generate images, especially useful in obstetrics and soft tissue diagnostics.

• Interventional Radiology: It combines imaging techniques with minimally invasive procedures for treatments.

Technological Advances and Future

• Digital and 3D Technology: Digitization has improved the quality of images and allows 3D reconstructions.

• Artificial Intelligence in Radiology:AI is emerging as a tool to improve diagnostic accuracy and efficiency.

• Molecular Imaging:It advances towards the personalization of diagnosis and treatment, allowing processes to be visualized at the cellular and molecular level.

Challenges and Ethical Considerations

• Radiation Management:Minimize radiation exposure, especially in vulnerable populations such as children and pregnant women.

• Image Interpretation: It requires high specialization and experience, since the images can be complex.

• Access and Disparity:Ensure that advances in radiology are available globally, reducing disparities in health care.

Contribution to Modern Medicine

• Radiology plays a crucial role not only in diagnosis, but also in planning and guiding surgical and therapeutic treatments. Additionally, radiological techniques have applications in virtually all medical specialties, from oncology to cardiology and beyond.